So as a reading teacher, I see how my students struggle everyday with simple common words that should be part of their world and sight vocabulary by this age. I teach fourth graders, so to watch them stumble over words like 'father' and 'grandparent' really breaks my heart.
This got me thinking - maybe there are ways that parents can help their children from a before-school age build fluency with common words and therefore build the background they will need for the rest of their lives. The hardest things for education today is to get the parent's involved and caring about the education of their children. We live in such a fast paced world that it takes tremendous effort for a parent to really make an effort to affect their child's education. So I decided to make a list of ways a parent can help a child of any age make gains in their reading ability.
There is not more important area to succeed at than reading. If you are a good reader you can do anything in life. Everything you do in life, you will need the ability to read - from passing a driving license's test to reading the instruction manual for a new gadget. You must be able to read on all levels and all sorts of texts to succeed in today's dynamic world. Luckily as a parent, there are things you can do to foster a love of reading and give your child a great start at reading even when they are not in school.
Before Birth - Preschool Ages
If your child is young or even unborn yet, there are many things you can do to build reading readiness - here are just a few.
1. Read to your child in the womb - it has already been proven that the unborn child can hear the happenings of her/his world from inside the womb. They can recognize the sounds of their parents voices. By reading to them in the womb they begin to learn the rhythmic patterns of speech and sound, which is the foundation of phonemic awareness and phonics the first building blocks of reading. What is great - it really doesn't matter what you read to them, they don't have the concept of meanings of words yet, they are only listening to pitch, tone, and flow. Read what you love out loud and give them the gift of a lifetime of reading.
2. Read to your child anytime - reading is not just for nighttime, show your child that reading is something they can do anytime. Make it quality time for you and your child. Read books together and make sure they see you reading on your own as well.
3. Board books, rhyming and repeating books, and colorful books - you need to make sure your child has a variety of books that will grab their interests. Since at this point in their lives, words are barely making sense, they will want books that interest them. They will want vibrant colors, with pictures, textures, and fun sounds of reading to keep them entertained. Don't expect them to always get through entire books, read until they are ready to move on to another activity and then pick it up later. Point out pictures and relate the words to the pictures, right now it is important that they know words represent real items and they can begin to repeat these words as you point to pictures. The story doesn't matter much to them right now, but the pictures do.
4. Label words around the house - if you put a few labels on common items like chairs, tables, phone, or even labeling their toy bins and where items go. All of this builds vocabulary knowledge which is the third building block of reading.
Elementary School Ages
This is a really important part of your child's education. The ideas you set forth for the importance of education will be built here. The more you value education and show your child this value the more your child will value education and become independent in gaining education.
1. Homework with your child - reading homework often includes reading a story to or with your child. This is so important in an early elementary child's education. They need to hear fluent adult reading to mimic and build their own reading skills. If your child is able to read - let them read a sentence and then you read a sentence - let them repeat your sentences. Make it fun. Make it a game.
2. Continue outside reading - your child should be reading outside of school as well. Go to the library every two weeks and check out books to read. Read them with your child and have your child read them to you. Let your child see you reading the materials you like to read.
3. Labels - have your child create labels with you - help them label items in their room and if an item can have more than one name, make sure they create those labels too.
4. Synonyms, Antonyms, and Attributes - make sure your child realizes that words can have same meanings, opposite meanings, and functions. Play games with your child - "Find a word that means the same as ....", or "I go up...you go down", or "When we set the table what are the parts of the place setting..." These simple quick conversation pieces build important vocabulary skills that are necessary for reading comprehension later in school.
Older School Ages
Once your child is a reader, you don't want to forget to make reading interesting and fun, but now it is time to concentrate on getting into the reading with your child.
1. Read and Watch - give your child a book to read and tell them you will watch the movie together once both of you have read the book. When watching the movie, make comments like "That was just like the book" or "I wonder why they left this part out..." Try to get your child involved in predicting the next part, or answering your questions.
2. Read together - get the same book for you and your child to read. Talk with them about the parts of the book they are reading. "What did you think about..." or "I really liked this part, what was your favorite part..."
3. Informational Reading - let your child read the newspaper with you or their favorite magazines. Be sure to always talk about what is being read and discuss how viewpoints can be different.
4. Model, Model, Model - continue to read in front of your child. This is a confusing time in their lives, with hormones and so many distractions. It is important that we still model the importance of reading to them.
By doing these few little items you can be sure your child will become an avid reader. They will value their education and hopefully become self-motivated to make learning in life a priority.